Product Image Showing Twice on Product Listings

Images on individual product pages are showing up twice. The featured image is showing up on top of my product title and other details.

It’s a similar issue to what is being described here:

https://wpmudev.com/forums/topic/marketpress-the-product-image-is-showing-twice-on-the-product-detail

How can I remove this or stop this from occurring?

I’m using the AVADA theme and an example of the issue I’m having can be seen here:

https://mskrmarketing.com/shop/products/restaurant-email-marketing-package/

Thanks for the help!